== WikiJS Setup ==
https://docs.requarks.io/install/macos
=== wiki install ===
<pre>
pkg install -i node npm sqlite3

fetch https://github.com/Requarks/wiki/releases/latest/download/wiki-js.tar.gz

mkdir /wiki
tar xzf wiki-js.tar.gz -C /wiki
cd /wiki

fetch https://github.com/requarks/wiki/raw/refs/heads/main/dev/build/config.yml

npm rebuild sqlite3

DB_TYPE=sqlite DB_FILELPATH=wiki.sqlite node server
</pre>
=== startup script ===
<pre>
echo '#!/bin/sh

# PROVIDE: wikijs
# REQUIRE: DAEMON
# KEYWORD: shutdown

# Add the following lines to /etc/rc.conf to enable wikijs:
# wikijs_enable="YES"
#
# wikijs_enable (bool): Set to "NO" by default.
# Set it to "YES" to enable Wiki.js
# wikijs_user (str): User to run Wiki.js as
# Default: "www"
# wikijs_group (str): Group to run Wiki.js as
# Default: "www"
# wikijs_dir (str): Directory where Wiki.js is installed
# Default: "/wiki"

. /etc/rc.subr

name="wikijs"
rcvar=wikijs_enable

load_rc_config $name

: ${wikijs_enable:="NO"}
: ${wikijs_user:="www"}
: ${wikijs_group:="www"}
: ${wikijs_dir:="/wiki"}

pidfile="/var/run/${name}.pid"
command="/usr/local/bin/node"
command_args="server"
procname="node"
start_cmd="${name}_start"
stop_cmd="${name}_stop"

wikijs_start() {
echo "Starting ${name} on port 3000..."
cd ${wikijs_dir} || exit 1
/usr/sbin/daemon -P ${pidfile} -r -S -t ${name} -T ${name} -u ${wikijs_user} \
env DB_TYPE="sqlite" DB_FILEPATH="wiki.sqlite" ${command} ${command_args}
}

wikijs_stop() {
if [ -f "${pidfile}" ]; then
echo "Stopping ${name}..."
pkill -F ${pidfile} 2>/dev/null
rm -f ${pidfile}
else
echo "${name} is not running"
fi
}

run_rc_command "$1"
' > /usr/local/etc/rc.d/wikijs
chmod +x /usr/local/etc/rc.d/wikijs
</pre>

=== jail setup ===
<pre>
echo '#!/bin/sh
export DB_TYPE="sqlite"
export DB_FILEPATH="wiki.sqlite"' > /etc/profile.d/jail-env.sh
</pre>
<pre>
finch:/usr/local/etc/qjail.config# grep start wikijs
exec.start = "/bin/sh /etc/profile.d/jail-env.sh; /bin/sh /etc/rc";
</pre>

=== enable service ===
<pre>
sysrc wikijs_enable=YES
service wikijs start
</pre>

WikiJS

2025-04-01T05:55:16Z

172.17.0.1: /* jail setup */

== WikiJS Install ==
https://docs.requarks.io/install/macos
<pre>
pkg install -i node npm sqlite3

fetch https://github.com/Requarks/wiki/releases/latest/download/wiki-js.tar.gz

mkdir /wiki
tar xzf wiki-js.tar.gz -C /wiki
cd /wiki

fetch https://github.com/requarks/wiki/raw/refs/heads/main/dev/build/config.yml

npm rebuild sqlite3

DB_TYPE=sqlite DB_FILELPATH=wiki.sqlite node server
</pre>
=== startup script ===
<pre>
echo '#!/bin/sh

# PROVIDE: wikijs
# REQUIRE: DAEMON
# KEYWORD: shutdown

# Add the following lines to /etc/rc.conf to enable wikijs:
# wikijs_enable="YES"
#
# wikijs_enable (bool): Set to "NO" by default.
# Set it to "YES" to enable Wiki.js
# wikijs_user (str): User to run Wiki.js as
# Default: "www"
# wikijs_group (str): Group to run Wiki.js as
# Default: "www"
# wikijs_dir (str): Directory where Wiki.js is installed
# Default: "/wiki"

. /etc/rc.subr

name="wikijs"
rcvar=wikijs_enable

load_rc_config $name

: ${wikijs_enable:="NO"}
: ${wikijs_user:="www"}
: ${wikijs_group:="www"}
: ${wikijs_dir:="/wiki"}

pidfile="/var/run/${name}.pid"
command="/usr/local/bin/node"
command_args="server"
procname="node"
start_cmd="${name}_start"
stop_cmd="${name}_stop"

wikijs_start() {
echo "Starting ${name} on port 3000..."
cd ${wikijs_dir} || exit 1
/usr/sbin/daemon -P ${pidfile} -r -S -t ${name} -T ${name} -u ${wikijs_user} \
env DB_TYPE="sqlite" DB_FILEPATH="wiki.sqlite" ${command} ${command_args}
}

wikijs_stop() {
if [ -f "${pidfile}" ]; then
echo "Stopping ${name}..."
pkill -F ${pidfile} 2>/dev/null
rm -f ${pidfile}
else
echo "${name} is not running"
fi
}

run_rc_command "$1"
' > /usr/local/etc/rc.d/wikijs
chmod +x /usr/local/etc/rc.d/wikijs
</pre>

=== enable service ===
<pre>
sysrc wikijs_enable=YES
service wikijs start
</pre>

=== jail setup ===
<pre>
echo '#!/bin/sh
export DB_TYPE="sqlite"
export DB_FILEPATH="wiki.sqlite"' > /etc/profile.d/jail-env.sh
</pre>
<pre>
finch:/usr/local/etc/qjail.config# grep start wikijs
exec.start = "/bin/sh /etc/profile.d/jail-env.sh; /bin/sh /etc/rc";
</pre>

2025-04-01T04:15:40Z

172.17.0.1: /* WikiJS Install */

WikiJS

2025-04-01T03:17:17Z

172.17.0.1: Created page with "== WikiJS Install == https://docs.requarks.io/install/macos <pre> fetch wget https://github.com/Requarks/wiki/releases/latest/download/wiki-js.tar.gz </pre>"

== WikiJS Install ==
https://docs.requarks.io/install/macos
<pre>
fetch wget https://github.com/Requarks/wiki/releases/latest/download/wiki-js.tar.gz
</pre>

Main Page

2025-04-01T03:16:15Z

172.17.0.1: /* Podman */

== Movies ==
* Joy Luck Club
* Motherless Brooklyn
* Dune
* The Big Short
* Andre The Giant 2018
* Joker
* <s>Spider-Man</s>
* <s>The Social Dilemma</s>
* <s>King Richard (Will Smith)👍🏽</s>
* <s>Shang-Chi</s>
* <s>Venom</s>
<pre>javascript:window.location=document.querySelector('#player iframe').src;</pre>
<pre>javascript:window.location=document.querySelector('#player video').src;</pre>

== Shows ==
* Marvelous Mrs Mazel
* Watchmen (TV series)
* Picard
* <s>Cocaine Cowboys Miami</s>

== Food ==

* Carnaval Brazilian BBQ
* Feast
* Across The Board
* [https://www.tripadvisor.ca/Restaurant_Review-g2648278-d3171065-Reviews-Oma_s_Schnitzel_Stube-St_Pierre_Jolys_Manitoba.html German buffet in St. Malo] Closed/New (bad) management?
* <s>smash burger</s>
* <s>Turkey Tacos</s>
* <s>[https://bluehazebbq.ca BBQ Beausejour]</s>
* <s>tallest Poppy chicken</s>

* Korean BBQ
* home made chicken shawarma

* https://www.winnipegrestaurantdeals.com/restaurants

== Travel ==
* Pembina Valley
* Banff
* West Edmonton Mall
* bunns creek trail (on way to half moon)
* Bryce Canyon Utah

== [[Disney World]]==
{{:Disney World}}
== [[Costa Rica]]==
{{:Costa Rica}}

== [[UNIX]]==
{{:UNIX}}

== Games ==
* X68000: Puzzle: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T3l-6aQ28Ds Deflektor]
* SNES: Puzzle: Bust-A-Move, The Lost Vikings
* SNES: VS: Super Bomberman, Tetris Attack
* SNES: Co-Op: Contra III, Wild Guns
* SNES: Action RPG: Front Mission Gun Hazard
* MAME: puzzle: Money Puzzle Exchanger
* NEOGEO: Co-Op: Alpha Mission 2, Mslug, robo army, Shock Troopers
* NEOGEO: VS: League Bowling, WindJammer, The Last Blade, Garou
== emus ==
https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=UGtU5wRWuhc

* OpenEmu: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RxhbhM8BA68&t=0s
* PSP (PPSSPP ARM): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WYfnSCgRBdA&t=0s
* GC/Wii (Dolphin ARM): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lwYKk-_HoPg&t=0s
* PS2 (PCSX2): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=veWRt0f7avk&t=0s
* Dreamcast (Redream): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6x_vLg2m7T4&t=0s
* 3DS (Citra ARM): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VpbDl0v_WCs&t=0s
* PSX (DuckStation): hhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MNofg_jkRnA&t=0s
* Xbox (Xemu): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PCvQ_9M1nlI&t=0s
* Mac Gaming: https://www.applegamingwiki.com/wiki/PlayStation_2
==== mega thread ====
* roms: https://www.reddit.com/r/Roms/comments/gar3bc/roms_megathread_30_ybin_edition/
* emu files: https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php/Emulator_files#PlayStation_2

==Bike==
* tighten seat
* buy helmet

== To Do ==
* <s>Red pocket</s>
* <s>Plumber</s>
== Self Hosting==
=== Fossil ===
https://dev.to/schollz/self-hosting-with-fossil-an-alternative-to-git-33bk
=== certbot ===
Add new cert:
<pre># sudo certbot certonly -d wiki.ho.stna.me
Saving debug log to /var/log/letsencrypt/letsencrypt.log

How would you like to authenticate with the ACME CA?
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
1: Nginx Web Server plugin (nginx)
2: Spin up a temporary webserver (standalone)
3: Place files in webroot directory (webroot)
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Select the appropriate number [1-3] then [enter] (press 'c' to cancel): 1
Plugins selected: Authenticator nginx, Installer None
Obtaining a new certificate
Performing the following challenges:
http-01 challenge for wiki.ho.stna.me
Using default addresses 80 and [::]:80 ipv6only=on for authentication.
Waiting for verification...
Cleaning up challenges

IMPORTANT NOTES:
- Congratulations! Your certificate and chain have been saved at:</pre>
=== nginx ===

== Linux ==
=== Archiver / PeaZip ===
==== File Manager Integration (Context Menus) ====
https://peazip.github.io/peazip-linux.html
https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/GNOME/Files#Custom_scripts

https://github.com/peazip/PeaZip/releases/download/9.5.0/peazip_portable-9.5.0.LINUX.GTK2.x86_64.tar.gz

From the portable download, find scripts in the folder: res/share/batch/freedesktop_integration/

Custom scripts

Scripts placed in ~/.local/share/nautilus/scripts can be run from the right click context menu of a file.

The context menu can also be organized into subfolders, e.g. ~/.local/share/nautilus/scripts/images and ~/.local/share/nautilus/scripts/music.

== SmartOS ==
=== Upgrade ===
<pre>
SmartOS (build: 20250220T074131Z)
[root@cloud ~]# piadm avail
20250306T000316Z
[root@cloud ~]# piadm -v install 20250306T000316Z
[root@cloud ~]# piadm list
PI STAMP BOOTABLE FILESYSTEM BOOT IMAGE NOW NEXT
20250220T074131Z zones/boot next yes yes
20250306T000316Z zones/boot available no no
[root@cloud ~]# piadm -v activate 20250306T000316Z
[root@cloud ~]# piadm list
PI STAMP BOOTABLE FILESYSTEM BOOT IMAGE NOW NEXT
20250220T074131Z zones/boot available yes no
20250306T000316Z zones/boot next no yes
[root@cloud ~]#
</pre>
=== Migrating ===
https://docs.smartos.org/managing-instances-with-vmamd/#migrate-an-instance-to-a-different-compute-node

== FreeBSD ==
=== CUDA ===
https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-downloads?target_os=Linux&target_arch=x86_64&Distribution=Rocky&target_version=9&target_type=rpm_local
<pre>
pkg install nvidia-driver
kldload nvidia
kldload nvidia-modeset
# sysrc kld_list+=nvidia-modeset
kldload linux64
pkg install linux_base-rl9
pkg install linux-rl9-libxml2
pkg install gcc #gcc13

fetch https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/12.5.1/local_installers/cuda_12.5.1_555.42.06_linux.run
./cuda_12.5.1_555.42.06_linux.run

fetch https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/12.5.1/local_installers/cuda-repo-rhel9-12-5-local-12.5.1_555.42.06-1.x86_64.rpm

rpm2cpio cuda-repo-rhel9-12-5-local-12.5.1_555.42.06-1.x86_64.rpm > cuda.cpio
cpio -idmv < cuda.cpio

var/cuda-repo-rhel9-12-5-local# rpm2cpio nvidia-driver-cuda-libs-555.42.06-1.el9.x86_64.rpm > nvidia-driver-cuda-libs-555.42.06-1.el9.x86_64.cpio
cpio -idmv < nvidia-driver-cuda-libs-555.42.06-1.el9.x86_64.cpio

brandelf -t Linux <path_to_CUDA_installer>
./cuda_<version>_linux.run

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib64 ffmpeg -i TheBear-S03E01.ts -c:v h264_nvenc -preset slow -b:v 5000k -maxrate 5000k -bufsize 10000k -pix_fmt yuv420p -c:a aac output.mp4

</pre>

=== Containers ===
containerd / runj

https://productionwithscissors.run/2022/09/04/containerd-linux-on-freebsd/

<pre>

https://catalog.ngc.nvidia.com/orgs/nvidia/containers/cuda/tags
nvcr.io/nvidia/cuda:12.5.1-cudnn-devel-ubuntu20.04

https://github.com/canonical/microk8s/issues/1239
#ctr run --rm --gpus 0 docker.io/nvidia/cuda:9.0-base nvidia-smi nvidia-smi

ctr image pull --platform=linux nvcr.io/nvidia/cuda:12.5.1-cudnn-devel-ubuntu20.04
</pre>

=== VMs ===
==== qemu / quickemu ====
https://github.com/quickemu-project/quickemu?tab=readme-ov-file
<pre>
pkg install qemu-nox11 coreutils socat usbutils swtpm zsync samba416 qemu-nox11 edk2-qemu-x64
git clone https://github.com/quickemu-project/quickemu
cd quickemu
./quickget alpine v3.11

</pre>
<pre>cat freebsd.patch</pre>
<pre>
diff --git a/quickemu b/quickemu
index f2bd9df..2ad1933 100755
--- a/quickemu
+++ b/quickemu
@@ -652,6 +652,8 @@ function configure_bios() {
if command -v brew &>/dev/null; then
SHARE_PATH="$(brew --prefix qemu)/share"
fi
+ elif [ "${OS_KERNEL}" == "FreeBSD" ]; then
+ SHARE_PATH=/usr/local/share
fi

# https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1929357#c5
@@ -675,7 +677,9 @@ function configure_bios() {
"${SHARE_PATH}/edk2-ovmf/OVMF_CODE.fd","${SHARE_PATH}/edk2-ovmf/OVMF_VARS.fd" \
"${SHARE_PATH}/qemu/ovmf-x86_64-4m-code.bin","${SHARE_PATH}/qemu/ovmf-x86_64-4m-vars.bin" \
"${SHARE_PATH}/qemu/edk2-x86_64-code.fd","${SHARE_PATH}/qemu/edk2-x86_64-code.fd" \
- "${SHARE_PATH}/edk2-ovmf/x64/OVMF_CODE.fd","${SHARE_PATH}/edk2-ovmf/x64/OVMF_VARS.fd"
+ "${SHARE_PATH}/edk2-ovmf/x64/OVMF_CODE.fd","${SHARE_PATH}/edk2-ov
mf/x64/OVMF_VARS.fd" \
+ "${SHARE_PATH}/edk2-qemu/QEMU_UEFI_CODE-x86_64.fd","${SHARE_PATH}
/edk2-qemu/QEMU_UEFI_VARS-x86_64.fd"
+
);;
esac
# Attempt each EFI_CODE file one by one, selecting the corresponding code and
vars
</pre>
=== Linuxulator ===
Yes, I’m familiar with both '''SmartOS LX zones''' and '''FreeBSD’s Linuxulator'''. These are two different approaches to providing Linux binary compatibility on non-Linux systems, and their differing abilities to run '''systemd''' highlight some key technical distinctions. Let’s break this down and address what’s missing in FreeBSD’s Linuxulator to support systemd, as well as how you might approach enabling it by leveraging SmartOS/Illumos source code.
===== SmartOS LX Zones and FreeBSD Linuxulator =====

* '''SmartOS LX Zones''': LX zones are a feature of Illumos-based systems (like SmartOS) that allow running Linux binaries in a lightweight containerized environment called a "branded zone." These zones provide a near-native Linux kernel ABI (Application Binary Interface) by translating Linux system calls into Illumos equivalents. LX zones were originally developed by Joyent to support running Linux applications, including Docker, on SmartOS. Over time, they’ve been extended to support more complex Linux-specific features, including systemd, which is the default init system for many modern Linux distributions.

* '''FreeBSD Linuxulator''': The Linuxulator is FreeBSD’s Linux binary compatibility layer. It allows FreeBSD to run unmodified Linux ELF binaries by translating Linux system calls to FreeBSD equivalents. Unlike LX zones, it’s not a containerization technology but a kernel-level compatibility layer that operates alongside native FreeBSD processes. It currently supports a subset of Linux kernel functionality, with compatibility levels pegged at Linux 3.2.0 in FreeBSD 12-STABLE and Linux 5.15.0 in FreeBSD 14-STABLE (as of recent documentation). However, it lacks support for several Linux-specific features required by systemd.

==== Why Systemd Works in LX Zones but Not Linuxulator ====
Systemd is a complex init system that relies heavily on Linux-specific kernel features, such as:
* '''cgroups (Control Groups)''': Used for resource management and process grouping.
* '''Namespaces''': Particularly PID, mount, and user namespaces, which provide isolation and scoping for processes.
* '''Fanotify''': A file system notification system used by systemd for monitoring file events.
* '''Specific System Calls''': Systemd depends on calls like <code>pidfd_open()</code>, <code>clone3()</code>, and others introduced in newer Linux kernels.
* '''udev Integration''': Systemd integrates tightly with udev, which relies on Linux-specific device management mechanisms.

'''SmartOS LX Zones''' have evolved to support these features. The Illumos kernel, with contributions from Joyent and the SmartOS community, has implemented enough of the Linux kernel ABI—including cgroups, namespaces, and additional system calls—to allow systemd to function within an LX-branded zone. This was driven by the need to support Docker and other modern Linux workloads, which often assume systemd is present.

'''FreeBSD Linuxulator''', on the other hand, does not yet support these features fully. While it can run many Linux binaries (e.g., statically linked programs or those with simpler dependencies), its compatibility layer is incomplete for systemd’s requirements. The Linuxulator’s development has historically focused on supporting popular applications (like Steam or proprietary tools) rather than replicating the full Linux kernel feature set, and systemd support has not been a priority.

==== What’s Missing in FreeBSD Linuxulator? ====
To run systemd in FreeBSD’s Linuxulator, the following gaps need to be addressed:

===== 1. cgroups Support =====
* '''Current State''': FreeBSD has no native cgroups implementation. It uses its own resource control mechanisms (e.g., <code>rctl</code> for resource limits and jails for isolation), which are philosophically and technically different from Linux’s cgroups.
* '''Requirement''': Systemd expects cgroups v1 or v2 for process grouping, resource limiting, and service management. Without this, systemd cannot initialize properly.

===== 2. Namespaces =====
* '''Current State''': FreeBSD supports some namespace-like features via jails and VNET (virtual networking), but these are not equivalent to Linux’s PID, mount, or user namespaces. The Linuxulator does not translate Linux namespace-related system calls (e.g., <code>unshare()</code>, <code>clone()</code> with namespace flags) into FreeBSD equivalents.
* '''Requirement''': Systemd uses namespaces for service isolation and scoping, particularly PID namespaces to manage process trees.

===== 3. System Call Gaps =====
* '''Current State''': The Linuxulator implements a subset of Linux system calls (see <code>sys/compat/linux/linux_sysent.c</code> in the FreeBSD source). Missing calls include newer ones like <code>pidfd_open()</code> (Linux 5.3+), <code>clone3()</code> (Linux 5.3+), and others that systemd may use.
* '''Requirement''': Full compatibility with the system calls systemd depends on, which may require extending the Linuxulator’s syscall table.

===== 4. Fanotify and File System Events =====
* '''Current State''': FreeBSD has <code>kqueue</code> for event notification, but it’s not compatible with Linux’s <code>fanotify</code> API, which systemd uses for file system monitoring.
* '''Requirement''': An emulation layer to map <code>fanotify</code> calls to <code>kqueue</code> or a custom implementation.

===== 5. udev and Device Management =====
* '''Current State''': FreeBSD uses <code>devd</code> for device management, which differs significantly from Linux’s <code>udev</code>. The Linuxulator does not fully emulate <code>udev</code>’s behavior or its integration with the kernel.
* '''Requirement''': Systemd expects <code>udev</code> to manage device events, so a compatibility layer or partial <code>udev</code> emulation is needed.

===== 6. Kernel ABI Stability and Versioning =====
* '''Current State''': The Linuxulator mimics a specific Linux kernel version (e.g., 5.15.0 in FreeBSD 14-STABLE), but systemd may expect features from newer kernels or specific behaviors not yet emulated.
* '''Requirement''': Ensuring the emulated ABI matches a Linux kernel version that systemd supports (e.g., at least 4.4 or later for modern versions).

==== Where to Start: Leveraging SmartOS/Illumos Source ====
Since both SmartOS (Illumos) and FreeBSD are open source, you can study the LX zone implementation to guide enhancements to the Linuxulator. Here’s a step-by-step approach:

===== 1. Study Illumos LX Zone Source Code =====
* '''Location''': The relevant code is in the Illumos gate repository, specifically under <code>usr/src/uts/common/brand/lx/</code> and related directories. Key files include:
** <code>lx_syscalls.c</code>: Handles Linux system call emulation.
** <code>lx_cgroups.c</code>: Implements cgroups support.
** <code>lx_namespace.c</code>: Manages Linux namespace emulation.
** <code>lx_fanotify.c</code>: Provides fanotify support.
* '''Key Insight''': Illumos has extended its kernel to natively support these features for LX zones, rather than just translating them to existing Solaris/Illumos mechanisms. This suggests FreeBSD may need a hybrid approach—either adding native support or building a more comprehensive translation layer.

===== 2. Map Illumos Features to FreeBSD =====
* '''cgroups''': Start by reviewing <code>lx_cgroups.c</code>. You could either:
** Implement a minimal cgroups shim in the Linuxulator that maps to FreeBSD’s <code>rctl</code> or a new subsystem.
** Port Illumos’s cgroups implementation directly, adapting it to FreeBSD’s kernel architecture.
* '''Namespaces''': Look at <code>lx_namespace.c</code>. FreeBSD jails and VNET provide a foundation, but you’d need to extend the Linuxulator to handle <code>clone()</code> and <code>unshare()</code> with namespace flags, possibly by mapping them to jail-like constructs.
* '''System Calls''': Compare Illumos’s <code>lx_syscalls.c</code> with FreeBSD’s <code>sys/compat/linux/linux_sysent.c</code>. Add missing syscalls (e.g., <code>pidfd_open()</code>, <code>clone3()</code>) by adapting Illumos’s implementations or writing new ones based on Linux kernel source (e.g., from kernel.org).
* '''Fanotify''': Use <code>lx_fanotify.c</code> as a model to build a translation layer from <code>fanotify</code> to <code>kqueue</code>.

===== 3. Modify FreeBSD Linuxulator =====
* '''Source Location''': FreeBSD’s Linuxulator code is in <code>sys/compat/linux/</code> in the FreeBSD source tree (e.g., <code>/usr/src/sys/compat/linux/</code> if you’ve cloned the repo).
* '''Steps''':
# Extend the syscall table (<code>linux_sysent.c</code>) with missing calls, using Illumos as a reference.
# Add new kernel modules or hooks for cgroups and namespaces, potentially under <code>sys/compat/linux/</code>.
# Implement fanotify emulation by integrating with <code>kqueue</code>.
# Test with a minimal systemd binary (e.g., from a lightweight distro like Alpine) in a chroot environment.

==== 4. Test and Iterate =====
* '''Setup''': Use a FreeBSD jail with Linuxulator enabled (e.g., via <code>sysctl compat.linux.emulation=1</code> and a Linux base system in <code>/compat/linux</code> or <code>/compat/ubuntu</code>).
* '''Test Case''': Try running <code>systemd --version</code> or a simple <code>systemd</code> init process. Debug failures using <code>ktrace</code> or <code>truss</code> to identify missing syscalls or features.
* '''Reference''': Illumos’s LX zone testing scripts (e.g., in <code>usr/src/test/</code>) can inspire a test suite.

===== 5. Community and Documentation =====
* '''FreeBSD Resources''': Check the FreeBSD Wiki’s Linuxulator page and the <code>linux(4)</code> man page for current capabilities and known gaps.
* '''Illumos Resources''': The Illumos wiki and SmartOS documentation provide insights into LX zone internals.
* '''Collaboration''': Engage with the FreeBSD and Illumos communities (e.g., via mailing lists like <code>freebsd-hackers@</code> or the Illumos IRC) to validate your approach and get feedback.

==== Challenges and Considerations ====
* '''Philosophical Differences''': FreeBSD avoids adopting Linux-specific features natively (e.g., cgroups) to maintain its distinct identity. You may need to argue for a compatibility-only approach rather than kernel bloat.
* '''Performance''': Emulating complex features like cgroups and namespaces could introduce overhead, unlike Illumos’s native integration.
* '''Upstream Acceptance''': Contributions to FreeBSD must align with project goals. Systemd support might face resistance unless justified by broad use cases (e.g., Docker compatibility).

==== Starting Point ====
Clone the FreeBSD source (<code>git clone https://git.freebsd.org/src.git</code>) and Illumos gate (<code>git clone https://github.com/illumos/illumos-gate.git</code>). Begin by prototyping cgroups support—perhaps a minimal shim in <code>sys/compat/linux/</code>—and test it with a systemd binary. Use Illumos’s <code>lx_cgroups.c</code> as a blueprint, adapting it to FreeBSD’s kernel structure (e.g., replacing Illumos’s <code>zone_t</code> with FreeBSD’s <code>struct prison</code> for jail integration).

This is a significant undertaking, but with both projects being open source, you have the raw materials to bridge the gap. Good luck, and feel free to ask if you need more specific guidance as you dive in!

== [[Podman]] ==
{{:Podman}}

== [[WikiJS]] ==
{{:WikiJS}}

== [[TrueNAS]] ==
{{:TrueNAS}}

== [[XigmaNAS]] ==
{{:XigmaNAS}}

== 3d printer ==
{{:3d printer}}

== Formatting ==
* https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Formatting

== Getting started ==
* [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents User's Guide]
* [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Configuration_settings Configuration settings list]
* [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Manual:FAQ MediaWiki FAQ]
* [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/mediawiki-announce.lists.wikimedia.org/ MediaWiki release mailing list]
* [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Localisation#Translation_resources Localise MediaWiki for your language]
* [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Combating_spam Learn how to combat spam on your wiki]

Main Page

2025-03-31T22:13:04Z

172.17.0.1: /* TrueNAS */

== Movies ==
* Joy Luck Club
* Motherless Brooklyn
* Dune
* The Big Short
* Andre The Giant 2018
* Joker
* <s>Spider-Man</s>
* <s>The Social Dilemma</s>
* <s>King Richard (Will Smith)👍🏽</s>
* <s>Shang-Chi</s>
* <s>Venom</s>
<pre>javascript:window.location=document.querySelector('#player iframe').src;</pre>
<pre>javascript:window.location=document.querySelector('#player video').src;</pre>

== Shows ==
* Marvelous Mrs Mazel
* Watchmen (TV series)
* Picard
* <s>Cocaine Cowboys Miami</s>

== Food ==

* Carnaval Brazilian BBQ
* Feast
* Across The Board
* [https://www.tripadvisor.ca/Restaurant_Review-g2648278-d3171065-Reviews-Oma_s_Schnitzel_Stube-St_Pierre_Jolys_Manitoba.html German buffet in St. Malo] Closed/New (bad) management?
* <s>smash burger</s>
* <s>Turkey Tacos</s>
* <s>[https://bluehazebbq.ca BBQ Beausejour]</s>
* <s>tallest Poppy chicken</s>

* Korean BBQ
* home made chicken shawarma

* https://www.winnipegrestaurantdeals.com/restaurants

== Travel ==
* Pembina Valley
* Banff
* West Edmonton Mall
* bunns creek trail (on way to half moon)
* Bryce Canyon Utah

== [[Disney World]]==
{{:Disney World}}
== [[Costa Rica]]==
{{:Costa Rica}}

== [[UNIX]]==
{{:UNIX}}

== Games ==
* X68000: Puzzle: [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T3l-6aQ28Ds Deflektor]
* SNES: Puzzle: Bust-A-Move, The Lost Vikings
* SNES: VS: Super Bomberman, Tetris Attack
* SNES: Co-Op: Contra III, Wild Guns
* SNES: Action RPG: Front Mission Gun Hazard
* MAME: puzzle: Money Puzzle Exchanger
* NEOGEO: Co-Op: Alpha Mission 2, Mslug, robo army, Shock Troopers
* NEOGEO: VS: League Bowling, WindJammer, The Last Blade, Garou
== emus ==
https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=UGtU5wRWuhc

* OpenEmu: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RxhbhM8BA68&t=0s
* PSP (PPSSPP ARM): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WYfnSCgRBdA&t=0s
* GC/Wii (Dolphin ARM): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lwYKk-_HoPg&t=0s
* PS2 (PCSX2): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=veWRt0f7avk&t=0s
* Dreamcast (Redream): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6x_vLg2m7T4&t=0s
* 3DS (Citra ARM): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VpbDl0v_WCs&t=0s
* PSX (DuckStation): hhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MNofg_jkRnA&t=0s
* Xbox (Xemu): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PCvQ_9M1nlI&t=0s
* Mac Gaming: https://www.applegamingwiki.com/wiki/PlayStation_2
==== mega thread ====
* roms: https://www.reddit.com/r/Roms/comments/gar3bc/roms_megathread_30_ybin_edition/
* emu files: https://emulation.gametechwiki.com/index.php/Emulator_files#PlayStation_2

==Bike==
* tighten seat
* buy helmet

== To Do ==
* <s>Red pocket</s>
* <s>Plumber</s>
== Self Hosting==
=== Fossil ===
https://dev.to/schollz/self-hosting-with-fossil-an-alternative-to-git-33bk
=== certbot ===
Add new cert:
<pre># sudo certbot certonly -d wiki.ho.stna.me
Saving debug log to /var/log/letsencrypt/letsencrypt.log

How would you like to authenticate with the ACME CA?
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
1: Nginx Web Server plugin (nginx)
2: Spin up a temporary webserver (standalone)
3: Place files in webroot directory (webroot)
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Select the appropriate number [1-3] then [enter] (press 'c' to cancel): 1
Plugins selected: Authenticator nginx, Installer None
Obtaining a new certificate
Performing the following challenges:
http-01 challenge for wiki.ho.stna.me
Using default addresses 80 and [::]:80 ipv6only=on for authentication.
Waiting for verification...
Cleaning up challenges

IMPORTANT NOTES:
- Congratulations! Your certificate and chain have been saved at:</pre>
=== nginx ===

== Linux ==
=== Archiver / PeaZip ===
==== File Manager Integration (Context Menus) ====
https://peazip.github.io/peazip-linux.html
https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/GNOME/Files#Custom_scripts

https://github.com/peazip/PeaZip/releases/download/9.5.0/peazip_portable-9.5.0.LINUX.GTK2.x86_64.tar.gz

From the portable download, find scripts in the folder: res/share/batch/freedesktop_integration/

Custom scripts

Scripts placed in ~/.local/share/nautilus/scripts can be run from the right click context menu of a file.

The context menu can also be organized into subfolders, e.g. ~/.local/share/nautilus/scripts/images and ~/.local/share/nautilus/scripts/music.

== SmartOS ==
=== Upgrade ===
<pre>
SmartOS (build: 20250220T074131Z)
[root@cloud ~]# piadm avail
20250306T000316Z
[root@cloud ~]# piadm -v install 20250306T000316Z
[root@cloud ~]# piadm list
PI STAMP BOOTABLE FILESYSTEM BOOT IMAGE NOW NEXT
20250220T074131Z zones/boot next yes yes
20250306T000316Z zones/boot available no no
[root@cloud ~]# piadm -v activate 20250306T000316Z
[root@cloud ~]# piadm list
PI STAMP BOOTABLE FILESYSTEM BOOT IMAGE NOW NEXT
20250220T074131Z zones/boot available yes no
20250306T000316Z zones/boot next no yes
[root@cloud ~]#
</pre>
=== Migrating ===
https://docs.smartos.org/managing-instances-with-vmamd/#migrate-an-instance-to-a-different-compute-node

== FreeBSD ==
=== CUDA ===
https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-downloads?target_os=Linux&target_arch=x86_64&Distribution=Rocky&target_version=9&target_type=rpm_local
<pre>
pkg install nvidia-driver
kldload nvidia
kldload nvidia-modeset
# sysrc kld_list+=nvidia-modeset
kldload linux64
pkg install linux_base-rl9
pkg install linux-rl9-libxml2
pkg install gcc #gcc13

fetch https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/12.5.1/local_installers/cuda_12.5.1_555.42.06_linux.run
./cuda_12.5.1_555.42.06_linux.run

fetch https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/12.5.1/local_installers/cuda-repo-rhel9-12-5-local-12.5.1_555.42.06-1.x86_64.rpm

rpm2cpio cuda-repo-rhel9-12-5-local-12.5.1_555.42.06-1.x86_64.rpm > cuda.cpio
cpio -idmv < cuda.cpio

var/cuda-repo-rhel9-12-5-local# rpm2cpio nvidia-driver-cuda-libs-555.42.06-1.el9.x86_64.rpm > nvidia-driver-cuda-libs-555.42.06-1.el9.x86_64.cpio
cpio -idmv < nvidia-driver-cuda-libs-555.42.06-1.el9.x86_64.cpio

brandelf -t Linux <path_to_CUDA_installer>
./cuda_<version>_linux.run

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib64 ffmpeg -i TheBear-S03E01.ts -c:v h264_nvenc -preset slow -b:v 5000k -maxrate 5000k -bufsize 10000k -pix_fmt yuv420p -c:a aac output.mp4

</pre>

=== Containers ===
containerd / runj

https://productionwithscissors.run/2022/09/04/containerd-linux-on-freebsd/

<pre>

https://catalog.ngc.nvidia.com/orgs/nvidia/containers/cuda/tags
nvcr.io/nvidia/cuda:12.5.1-cudnn-devel-ubuntu20.04

https://github.com/canonical/microk8s/issues/1239
#ctr run --rm --gpus 0 docker.io/nvidia/cuda:9.0-base nvidia-smi nvidia-smi

ctr image pull --platform=linux nvcr.io/nvidia/cuda:12.5.1-cudnn-devel-ubuntu20.04
</pre>

=== VMs ===
==== qemu / quickemu ====
https://github.com/quickemu-project/quickemu?tab=readme-ov-file
<pre>
pkg install qemu-nox11 coreutils socat usbutils swtpm zsync samba416 qemu-nox11 edk2-qemu-x64
git clone https://github.com/quickemu-project/quickemu
cd quickemu
./quickget alpine v3.11

</pre>
<pre>cat freebsd.patch</pre>
<pre>
diff --git a/quickemu b/quickemu
index f2bd9df..2ad1933 100755
--- a/quickemu
+++ b/quickemu
@@ -652,6 +652,8 @@ function configure_bios() {
if command -v brew &>/dev/null; then
SHARE_PATH="$(brew --prefix qemu)/share"
fi
+ elif [ "${OS_KERNEL}" == "FreeBSD" ]; then
+ SHARE_PATH=/usr/local/share
fi

# https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1929357#c5
@@ -675,7 +677,9 @@ function configure_bios() {
"${SHARE_PATH}/edk2-ovmf/OVMF_CODE.fd","${SHARE_PATH}/edk2-ovmf/OVMF_VARS.fd" \
"${SHARE_PATH}/qemu/ovmf-x86_64-4m-code.bin","${SHARE_PATH}/qemu/ovmf-x86_64-4m-vars.bin" \
"${SHARE_PATH}/qemu/edk2-x86_64-code.fd","${SHARE_PATH}/qemu/edk2-x86_64-code.fd" \
- "${SHARE_PATH}/edk2-ovmf/x64/OVMF_CODE.fd","${SHARE_PATH}/edk2-ovmf/x64/OVMF_VARS.fd"
+ "${SHARE_PATH}/edk2-ovmf/x64/OVMF_CODE.fd","${SHARE_PATH}/edk2-ov
mf/x64/OVMF_VARS.fd" \
+ "${SHARE_PATH}/edk2-qemu/QEMU_UEFI_CODE-x86_64.fd","${SHARE_PATH}
/edk2-qemu/QEMU_UEFI_VARS-x86_64.fd"
+
);;
esac
# Attempt each EFI_CODE file one by one, selecting the corresponding code and
vars
</pre>
=== Linuxulator ===
Yes, I’m familiar with both '''SmartOS LX zones''' and '''FreeBSD’s Linuxulator'''. These are two different approaches to providing Linux binary compatibility on non-Linux systems, and their differing abilities to run '''systemd''' highlight some key technical distinctions. Let’s break this down and address what’s missing in FreeBSD’s Linuxulator to support systemd, as well as how you might approach enabling it by leveraging SmartOS/Illumos source code.
===== SmartOS LX Zones and FreeBSD Linuxulator =====

* '''SmartOS LX Zones''': LX zones are a feature of Illumos-based systems (like SmartOS) that allow running Linux binaries in a lightweight containerized environment called a "branded zone." These zones provide a near-native Linux kernel ABI (Application Binary Interface) by translating Linux system calls into Illumos equivalents. LX zones were originally developed by Joyent to support running Linux applications, including Docker, on SmartOS. Over time, they’ve been extended to support more complex Linux-specific features, including systemd, which is the default init system for many modern Linux distributions.

* '''FreeBSD Linuxulator''': The Linuxulator is FreeBSD’s Linux binary compatibility layer. It allows FreeBSD to run unmodified Linux ELF binaries by translating Linux system calls to FreeBSD equivalents. Unlike LX zones, it’s not a containerization technology but a kernel-level compatibility layer that operates alongside native FreeBSD processes. It currently supports a subset of Linux kernel functionality, with compatibility levels pegged at Linux 3.2.0 in FreeBSD 12-STABLE and Linux 5.15.0 in FreeBSD 14-STABLE (as of recent documentation). However, it lacks support for several Linux-specific features required by systemd.

==== Why Systemd Works in LX Zones but Not Linuxulator ====
Systemd is a complex init system that relies heavily on Linux-specific kernel features, such as:
* '''cgroups (Control Groups)''': Used for resource management and process grouping.
* '''Namespaces''': Particularly PID, mount, and user namespaces, which provide isolation and scoping for processes.
* '''Fanotify''': A file system notification system used by systemd for monitoring file events.
* '''Specific System Calls''': Systemd depends on calls like <code>pidfd_open()</code>, <code>clone3()</code>, and others introduced in newer Linux kernels.
* '''udev Integration''': Systemd integrates tightly with udev, which relies on Linux-specific device management mechanisms.

'''SmartOS LX Zones''' have evolved to support these features. The Illumos kernel, with contributions from Joyent and the SmartOS community, has implemented enough of the Linux kernel ABI—including cgroups, namespaces, and additional system calls—to allow systemd to function within an LX-branded zone. This was driven by the need to support Docker and other modern Linux workloads, which often assume systemd is present.

'''FreeBSD Linuxulator''', on the other hand, does not yet support these features fully. While it can run many Linux binaries (e.g., statically linked programs or those with simpler dependencies), its compatibility layer is incomplete for systemd’s requirements. The Linuxulator’s development has historically focused on supporting popular applications (like Steam or proprietary tools) rather than replicating the full Linux kernel feature set, and systemd support has not been a priority.

==== What’s Missing in FreeBSD Linuxulator? ====
To run systemd in FreeBSD’s Linuxulator, the following gaps need to be addressed:

===== 1. cgroups Support =====
* '''Current State''': FreeBSD has no native cgroups implementation. It uses its own resource control mechanisms (e.g., <code>rctl</code> for resource limits and jails for isolation), which are philosophically and technically different from Linux’s cgroups.
* '''Requirement''': Systemd expects cgroups v1 or v2 for process grouping, resource limiting, and service management. Without this, systemd cannot initialize properly.

===== 2. Namespaces =====
* '''Current State''': FreeBSD supports some namespace-like features via jails and VNET (virtual networking), but these are not equivalent to Linux’s PID, mount, or user namespaces. The Linuxulator does not translate Linux namespace-related system calls (e.g., <code>unshare()</code>, <code>clone()</code> with namespace flags) into FreeBSD equivalents.
* '''Requirement''': Systemd uses namespaces for service isolation and scoping, particularly PID namespaces to manage process trees.

===== 3. System Call Gaps =====
* '''Current State''': The Linuxulator implements a subset of Linux system calls (see <code>sys/compat/linux/linux_sysent.c</code> in the FreeBSD source). Missing calls include newer ones like <code>pidfd_open()</code> (Linux 5.3+), <code>clone3()</code> (Linux 5.3+), and others that systemd may use.
* '''Requirement''': Full compatibility with the system calls systemd depends on, which may require extending the Linuxulator’s syscall table.

===== 4. Fanotify and File System Events =====
* '''Current State''': FreeBSD has <code>kqueue</code> for event notification, but it’s not compatible with Linux’s <code>fanotify</code> API, which systemd uses for file system monitoring.
* '''Requirement''': An emulation layer to map <code>fanotify</code> calls to <code>kqueue</code> or a custom implementation.

===== 5. udev and Device Management =====
* '''Current State''': FreeBSD uses <code>devd</code> for device management, which differs significantly from Linux’s <code>udev</code>. The Linuxulator does not fully emulate <code>udev</code>’s behavior or its integration with the kernel.
* '''Requirement''': Systemd expects <code>udev</code> to manage device events, so a compatibility layer or partial <code>udev</code> emulation is needed.

===== 6. Kernel ABI Stability and Versioning =====
* '''Current State''': The Linuxulator mimics a specific Linux kernel version (e.g., 5.15.0 in FreeBSD 14-STABLE), but systemd may expect features from newer kernels or specific behaviors not yet emulated.
* '''Requirement''': Ensuring the emulated ABI matches a Linux kernel version that systemd supports (e.g., at least 4.4 or later for modern versions).

==== Where to Start: Leveraging SmartOS/Illumos Source ====
Since both SmartOS (Illumos) and FreeBSD are open source, you can study the LX zone implementation to guide enhancements to the Linuxulator. Here’s a step-by-step approach:

===== 1. Study Illumos LX Zone Source Code =====
* '''Location''': The relevant code is in the Illumos gate repository, specifically under <code>usr/src/uts/common/brand/lx/</code> and related directories. Key files include:
** <code>lx_syscalls.c</code>: Handles Linux system call emulation.
** <code>lx_cgroups.c</code>: Implements cgroups support.
** <code>lx_namespace.c</code>: Manages Linux namespace emulation.
** <code>lx_fanotify.c</code>: Provides fanotify support.
* '''Key Insight''': Illumos has extended its kernel to natively support these features for LX zones, rather than just translating them to existing Solaris/Illumos mechanisms. This suggests FreeBSD may need a hybrid approach—either adding native support or building a more comprehensive translation layer.

===== 2. Map Illumos Features to FreeBSD =====
* '''cgroups''': Start by reviewing <code>lx_cgroups.c</code>. You could either:
** Implement a minimal cgroups shim in the Linuxulator that maps to FreeBSD’s <code>rctl</code> or a new subsystem.
** Port Illumos’s cgroups implementation directly, adapting it to FreeBSD’s kernel architecture.
* '''Namespaces''': Look at <code>lx_namespace.c</code>. FreeBSD jails and VNET provide a foundation, but you’d need to extend the Linuxulator to handle <code>clone()</code> and <code>unshare()</code> with namespace flags, possibly by mapping them to jail-like constructs.
* '''System Calls''': Compare Illumos’s <code>lx_syscalls.c</code> with FreeBSD’s <code>sys/compat/linux/linux_sysent.c</code>. Add missing syscalls (e.g., <code>pidfd_open()</code>, <code>clone3()</code>) by adapting Illumos’s implementations or writing new ones based on Linux kernel source (e.g., from kernel.org).
* '''Fanotify''': Use <code>lx_fanotify.c</code> as a model to build a translation layer from <code>fanotify</code> to <code>kqueue</code>.

===== 3. Modify FreeBSD Linuxulator =====
* '''Source Location''': FreeBSD’s Linuxulator code is in <code>sys/compat/linux/</code> in the FreeBSD source tree (e.g., <code>/usr/src/sys/compat/linux/</code> if you’ve cloned the repo).
* '''Steps''':
# Extend the syscall table (<code>linux_sysent.c</code>) with missing calls, using Illumos as a reference.
# Add new kernel modules or hooks for cgroups and namespaces, potentially under <code>sys/compat/linux/</code>.
# Implement fanotify emulation by integrating with <code>kqueue</code>.
# Test with a minimal systemd binary (e.g., from a lightweight distro like Alpine) in a chroot environment.

==== 4. Test and Iterate =====
* '''Setup''': Use a FreeBSD jail with Linuxulator enabled (e.g., via <code>sysctl compat.linux.emulation=1</code> and a Linux base system in <code>/compat/linux</code> or <code>/compat/ubuntu</code>).
* '''Test Case''': Try running <code>systemd --version</code> or a simple <code>systemd</code> init process. Debug failures using <code>ktrace</code> or <code>truss</code> to identify missing syscalls or features.
* '''Reference''': Illumos’s LX zone testing scripts (e.g., in <code>usr/src/test/</code>) can inspire a test suite.

===== 5. Community and Documentation =====
* '''FreeBSD Resources''': Check the FreeBSD Wiki’s Linuxulator page and the <code>linux(4)</code> man page for current capabilities and known gaps.
* '''Illumos Resources''': The Illumos wiki and SmartOS documentation provide insights into LX zone internals.
* '''Collaboration''': Engage with the FreeBSD and Illumos communities (e.g., via mailing lists like <code>freebsd-hackers@</code> or the Illumos IRC) to validate your approach and get feedback.

==== Challenges and Considerations ====
* '''Philosophical Differences''': FreeBSD avoids adopting Linux-specific features natively (e.g., cgroups) to maintain its distinct identity. You may need to argue for a compatibility-only approach rather than kernel bloat.
* '''Performance''': Emulating complex features like cgroups and namespaces could introduce overhead, unlike Illumos’s native integration.
* '''Upstream Acceptance''': Contributions to FreeBSD must align with project goals. Systemd support might face resistance unless justified by broad use cases (e.g., Docker compatibility).

==== Starting Point ====
Clone the FreeBSD source (<code>git clone https://git.freebsd.org/src.git</code>) and Illumos gate (<code>git clone https://github.com/illumos/illumos-gate.git</code>). Begin by prototyping cgroups support—perhaps a minimal shim in <code>sys/compat/linux/</code>—and test it with a systemd binary. Use Illumos’s <code>lx_cgroups.c</code> as a blueprint, adapting it to FreeBSD’s kernel structure (e.g., replacing Illumos’s <code>zone_t</code> with FreeBSD’s <code>struct prison</code> for jail integration).

This is a significant undertaking, but with both projects being open source, you have the raw materials to bridge the gap. Good luck, and feel free to ask if you need more specific guidance as you dive in!

== [[Podman]] ==
{{:Podman}}

== [[TrueNAS]] ==
{{:TrueNAS}}

== [[XigmaNAS]] ==
{{:XigmaNAS}}

== 3d printer ==
{{:3d printer}}

== Formatting ==
* https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Formatting

== Getting started ==
* [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents User's Guide]
* [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Configuration_settings Configuration settings list]
* [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Manual:FAQ MediaWiki FAQ]
* [https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/mediawiki-announce.lists.wikimedia.org/ MediaWiki release mailing list]
* [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Localisation#Translation_resources Localise MediaWiki for your language]
* [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Manual:Combating_spam Learn how to combat spam on your wiki]

Podman

2025-03-31T21:50:16Z

172.17.0.1:

<pre>
# podman restart wiki
Error: 1 error occurred:
* plugin type="bridge" failed (delete): cni plugin bridge failed: error removing 10.88.0.26 from cni-nat table: %!v(MISSING)
</pre>

Podman

2025-03-31T21:50:06Z

172.17.0.1: Created page with " # podman restart wiki Error: 1 error occurred: * plugin type="bridge" failed (delete): cni plugin bridge failed: error removing 10.88.0.26 from cni-nat table: %!v(MIS..."

# podman restart wiki
Error: 1 error occurred:
* plugin type="bridge" failed (delete): cni plugin bridge failed: error removing 10.88.0.26 from cni-nat table: %!v(MISSING)

XigmaNAS

2025-03-31T19:02:07Z

172.17.0.1: /* VM Setup */

Build xigmanas
<pre>
ssh filer02 sudo zfs rollback dozer/chroots/xig@latest ; ssh filer02 xig /root/pkgs/go ; exit
</pre>
<pre>
xig:~# cat cicd
#!/bin/sh
scp -rp 192.168.3.198:pkgs /root/
/root/pkgs/go
</pre>

BSD cloud images
https://bsd-cloud-image.org/
login: freebsd

https://object-storage.public.mtl1.vexxhost.net/swift/v1/1dbafeefbd4f4c80864414a441e72dd2/bsd-cloud-image.org/images/freebsd/14.0/2024-05-06/zfs/freebsd-14.0-zfs-2024-05-06.qcow2

XigmaNAS
IRC https://web.libera.chat/#xigmanas

=== Finch shell ===
<pre>
[filer02]:~/bin$ cat fch
#!/bin/sh

if [ "$#" -ge 1 ]; then
sudo chroot /mnt/tank/finch "$@"
else
sudo chroot /mnt/tank/finch bash -l
fi
</pre>

=== Finch Version ===
FreeBSD
9.0 works
9.3 works (different flags)
10.0 works
10.1 works (different flags)
11.0 works (different flags) (no syslog (-S doesn't exist))
11.4 locks (different flags) (no syslog (but exists))
12.0 locks (different flags) (no syslog (but exists))
13.2 locks (pkill tee works)

syslogd fails
syslogd doesn't run in finch
kill tee (logger) works because logger fails because no syslogd?

<pre>
# /zroot/bynch141/etc/finch/postinit ; chroot /zroot/bynch141/ /etc/rc.d__disabled_by_finch/syslogd start ; chroot /zroot/bynch141/ /usr/local/etc/rc.d/yesd onestart
</pre>

=== Finch Install ===
<pre>
zpool create -f zroot nda0p4
zfs create -o compress=zstd zroot/bynch
cd /zroot
</pre>
<pre>
scp -O wongk@192.168.3.159:f/FreeBSD-14.1-RELEASE-amd64-disc1.iso .
md=$(mdconfig -a -t vnode -f *.iso)
mkdir iso
mount -t cd9660 /dev/${md} iso

alias finch-bootstrap="SSL_NO_VERIFY_PEER=YES fetch -q -o - http://git.io/HxXrsw | sh -s --"
finch-bootstrap --help

finch-bootstrap install -y -x --txz-distfiles-dir iso/usr/freebsd-dist --dir /zroot/bynch

pw user mod root -s /usr/local/bin/bash

chroot /zroot/bynch/ sh
ldconfig /lib /usr/lib /usr/local/lib
vi ~/.bash_profile
PS1="\[\033[1;37m\]bynch:\[\033[38;5;166m\]\w\[\033[0m\]\\$ "
cd

chroot /zroot/bynch bash -l

sysrc yes_enable=YES
vi /usr/local/etc/rc.d/yesd
chmod +x /usr/local/etc/rc.d/yesd
</pre>
yesd
<pre>
#!/bin/sh
#
# PROVIDE: yes
# REQUIRE: DAEMON
# KEYWORD: shutdown

# Add the following lines to /etc/rc.conf to enable yes:
#
# yes_enable="YES"

. /etc/rc.subr

name="yes"
rcvar="yes_enable"

pidfile="/var/run/${name}.pid"
command="/usr/sbin/daemon"
command_args="-P ${pidfile} -r -S -t ${name} -T ${name} /usr/bin/yes"

load_rc_config $name
: ${yes_enable:=no}

run_rc_command "$1"
</pre>

=== Jellyfin ===
<pre>
finch# qjail create -4 192.168.3.195 jellyfin
finch:/usr/local/etc/qjail.config# grep mlock jellyfin
allow.mlock;
finch# qjail start jellyfin
finch# qjail console jellyfin

jellyfin> pkg install jellyfin
jellyfin> service jellyfin enable
jellyfin> service jellyfin start

filer02# sudo mount_nullfs -o ro,noatime /mnt/tank/media /mnt/tank/finch/usr/jails/jellyfin/media
</pre>
==== Bastille Extension ====
https://github.com/JRGTH/xigmanas-bastille-extension
https://gitlab.com/bastillebsd-templates/jellyfin/-/blob/main/Bastillefile?ref_type=heads
<pre>
CMD mkdir -p /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos
CMD echo 'FreeBSD: { url: "pkg+http://pkg.FreeBSD.org/${ABI}/latest" }' > /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos/FreeBSD.conf
CONFIG set allow.mlock=1;
CONFIG set ip6=inherit;
RESTART
PKG jellyfin
SYSRC jellyfin_enable=TRUE
SERVICE jellyfin start
</pre>

=== Bastille BSD ===
https://bastille.readthedocs.io/en/latest/chapters/networking.html#virtual-network-vnet
<pre>
bastille create -V azkaban 14.1-RELEASE 192.168.1.50/24 em0
</pre>

==== debootstrap ====
<pre>
/usr/local/share/debootstrap/scripts# fgrep -nA3 'noble)' noble
122: noble)
123- # see https://bugs.debian.org/838388
124- EXTRACT_DEB_TAR_OPTIONS="$EXTRACT_DEB_TAR_OPTIONS "
125- ;;
</pre>

<pre>
/usr/local/bastille/releases# bastille bootstrap noble
</pre>

<pre>
bastille create -L lintest noble 192.168.3.193/24 em0
</pre>

=== VS Code ===

https://gist.github.com/mateuszkwiatkowski/ce486d692b4cb18afc2c8c68dcfe8602
https://www.gaelanlloyd.com/blog/how-to-connect-visual-studio-code-to-freebsd-servers/

remote-ssh seem to ignore bash config files so we need to change $PATH in /etc/login.conf or send custom env with SetEnv directive in ssh_config. Choose which fits you better.

Configure /etc/login.conf

By default it's class default, we need to give priority to linux binaries:
<pre> :path=/compat/linux/usr/sbin /compat/linux/usr/bin /sbin /bin /usr/sbin /usr/bin /usr/local/sbin /usr/local/bin ~/bin:\ </pre>
rebuild CAP database:
<pre>cap_mkdb /etc/login.conf</pre>
Flip the switch in the VS Code extension to "Enable Remote Command".
<pre>
# sysctl kern.elf64.fallback_brand
kern.elf64.fallback_brand: -1
# sysctl kern.elf64.fallback_brand=3

</pre>

=== NIC driver ===
https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/download/15187/intel-network-adapter-gigabit-base-driver-for-freebsd.html
https://web.archive.org/web/20131009070059/https://thesorcerer.wordpress.com/2011/07/01/guide-intel-82573l-gigabit-ethernet-with-ubuntu-11-04-and-fix-pxe-e05/
https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/download/15755/intel-ethernet-connections-boot-utility-preboot-images-and-efi-drivers.html
<pre>
bootutil -defcfg #force bootutil to load the default PXE configuration into the controller

# Georgi says ” bootutil -nic=1 -defcfg” it’s better. Try if the other returns an err
</pre>

=== VM Setup ===
https://github.com/churchers/vm-bhyve

Type ~+Ctrl-D to exit back to your host.
<pre>
# sysrc vm_enable="YES"
# sysrc vm_dir="zfs:dozer/vms"
# zfs create -o compression=lz4 dozer/vms/zvols # lz4 is better for multiple reads?
vm init
vm img https://download.freebsd.org/ftp/releases/VM-IMAGES/14.1-RELEASE/amd64/Latest/FreeBSD-14.1-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-zfs.raw.xz
# zfs create -s -V 35G dozer/vms/zvols/freebsd141
# dd bs=1m if=~/vms/.img/FreeBSD-14.1-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-zfs.raw of=/dev/zvol/dozer/vms/zvols/freebsd141 status=progress
# zfs snapshot dozer/vms/zvols/freebsd141@img35G
#vm create -t xbuild -s 35G -i FreeBSD-14.1-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-zfs.raw -C -k ~/.ssh/vms_id_ed.pub xBhyve141
vm create -t freebsd-zvol -C -k ~/.ssh/vms_id_ed.pub ci
zfs destroy dozer/vms/ci/disk0
zfs clone dozer/vms/zvols/freebsd141@img35G dozer/vms/ci/disk0

gpart recover nda0
gpart show
# gpart resize -i 5 nda0
# growfs -f /dev/gpt/rootfs

vm start xBhyve141
vm console xBhyve141
</pre>
graphics is only possible with loader="uefi", not with "grub". https://forums.freebsd.org/threads/bhyve-graphics-install-and-vncviewer.88114/
disk0.img is faster, but doesn't support -s 35G on create
nvme is faster than virtio-blk
<pre>
vm create -t freebsd-zvol -s 35G -i FreeBSD-14.1-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-zfs.raw -C -k ~/.ssh/vms_id_ed.pub xBuild141
dd if=/dev/zvol/dozer/vms/xBuild141/disk0 of=xBuild141/disk0.img bs=1m
vm configure xBuild141
disk0_name="disk0.img"
#disk0_dev="sparse-zvol"

vm create -t freebsd -s 35G -i FreeBSD-14.1-RELEASE-amd64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-zfs.raw -C -k ~/.ssh/vms_id_ed.pub xBuild141
qemu-img resize -f raw xBuild141/disk0.img 35G # resize before first boot
vm start xBuild141
</pre>
==== Bastille vnet + vm-bhyve vnet ====
<pre>
finch:~/vms/xigmanas# ifconfig bridge
ifconfig: interface bridge does not exist
finch:~/vms/xigmanas# ifconfig bridge create
bridge0
finch:~/vms/xigmanas# ifconfig bridge0 name em0bridge
em0bridge
finch:~/vms/xigmanas# ifconfig em0bridge addm em0 up
finch:~/vms/xigmanas# ifconfig em0bridge
</pre>
Share bastille's bridge with bhyve. (manually setup the switch)
<pre>
vm switch create -t manual -b em0bridge public
</pre>

==== vm-bhyve restart ====
since vm-bhyve is within finch chroot, the mount points need to be re-mounted within the chroot
<pre>
zfs list -t filesystem | awk '/vms/ { print $1}' | xargs -n1 zfs mount

</pre>

=== Host Setup ===
<pre>
# disable autoboot delay
grep autoboot /boot/loader.conf || echo 'autoboot_delay="-1"' >> /boot/loader.conf
mkdir -p .ssh
grep filer02 /etc/hosts || echo -e "192.168.3.159\tfiler02" >> /etc/hosts
scp wongk@192.168.3.83:.ssh/vms_id_ed.pub .ssh/authorized_keys
scp wongk@192.168.3.83:.ssh/vms_id_ed .ssh/
grep vms .ssh/config || echo 'IdentityFile ~/.ssh/vms_id_ed' >> .ssh/config
ls /boot/entropy || /etc/rc.d/random start
grep bash /etc/shells || echo /usr/local/bin/bash >> /etc/shells
</pre>

<pre>
pkg install -y parallel
echo 'will cite' | parallel --citation
</pre>

=== Upgrade Host ===
<pre>
date ; PAGER=cat yes | freebsd-update -r 14.1-RELEASE-p2 --currently-running 14.1-RELEASE-p1 --not-running-from-cron upgrade; date
date ; time yes | PAGER=cat freebsd-update --currently-running $(uname -r) --not-running-from-cron fetch install ; date

real 4m23.307s
user 2m49.590s
sys 0m13.771s
</pre>

=== pkg base ===
https://wiki.freebsd.org/PkgBase
<pre>
date
ls -l /boot/kernel/kernel
mkdir -p /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos/
grep enabled /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos/base.conf || echo 'base: {
url: "pkg+https://pkg.FreeBSD.org/${ABI}/base_release_1",
mirror_type: "srv",
signature_type: "fingerprints",
fingerprints: "/usr/share/keys/pkg",
enabled: yes
}' >/usr/local/etc/pkg/repos/base.conf
rm /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos/FreeBSD.conf
grep enabled /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos/latest.conf || echo 'latest: {
url: "pkg+https://pkg.FreeBSD.org/${ABI}/latest",
mirror_type: "srv",
signature_type: "fingerprints",
fingerprints: "/usr/share/keys/pkg",
enabled: yes
}' >/usr/local/etc/pkg/repos/latest.conf
pkg update

# find security patches. filter unnecessary and current patch-level packages
#time pkg search -r base -g 'FreeBSD-*p?' | awk '!/-(lib32|dbg|dev|src|tests|mmccam|minimal)-/ {print $1}' | fgrep -v $(uname -r | awk -F- '{ print $1$3}') | xargs pkg install -y -r base
time pkg search -r base -g 'FreeBSD-*p?' | awk '!/-(lib32|dbg|dev|src|tests|mmccam|minimal)-/ {print $1}' | xargs pkg install -y -r base

cp -p /etc/master.passwd.pkgsave /etc/master.passwd
cp -p /etc/group.pkgsave /etc/group
cp -p /etc/shells.pkgsave /etc/shells
pwd_mkdb -p /etc/master.passwd
cp /etc/sysctl.conf.pkgsave /etc/sysctl.conf

cp -p /etc/hosts.pkgsave /etc/hosts
cp -p /etc/ssh/sshd_config.pkgsave /etc/ssh/sshd_config

# find changed files with "etc" in path
#find / -path '*/etc/*' -name "*.pkgsave" -type f

# find changed .conf files
#find / -name "*.conf.pkgsave"

#find / -name \*.pkgsave -print -delete
ls -l /boot/kernel/kernel
date

# (linker.hints was recreated at kernel install and we had the old modules as .pkgsave so we need to recreate it, this will be done at the next reboot)
rm /boot/kernel/linker.hints

cd /var/cache/pkg
ls | fgrep -v '~' | awk '!/-(lib32|dbg|dev|src|tests|mmccam|minimal)-/'
</pre>
<pre>
# pkg search -r base -g 'FreeBSD-*p1' | awk '!/-(lib32|dbg|dev|src|tests|mmccam|minimal)-/ {print $1}' | xargs
FreeBSD-acct-14.1p1 FreeBSD-clang-14.1p1 FreeBSD-clibs-14.1p1 FreeBSD-devd-14.1p1 FreeBSD-kernel-generic-14.1p1 FreeBSD-lld-14.1p1 FreeBSD-lldb-14.1p1 FreeBSD-rescue-14.1p1 FreeBSD-runtime-14.1p1 FreeBSD-utilities-14.1p1 FreeBSD-zfs-14.1p1
</pre>

=== Install ports ===
<pre>
# time git clone -o freebsd https://git.freebsd.org/ports.git /usr/ports ; exit
Cloning into '/usr/ports'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 6293704, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (47660/47660), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (37020/37020), done.
Receiving objects: 100% (6293704/6293704), 1.28 GiB | 6.50 MiB/s, done.
remote: Total 6293704 (delta 22967), reused 19260 (delta 10304), pack-reused 6246044 (from 1)
Resolving deltas: 100% (3797103/3797103), done.
Updating files: 100% (162138/162138), done.

real 7m9.337s
user 6m38.899s
sys 1m26.111s

# time git clone --depth 1 https://git.freebsd.org/ports.git /usr/ports
Cloning into '/usr/ports'...
load: 0.06 cmd: git-remote-https 64926 [select] 13.78r 0.01u 0.00s 0% 13088k
load: 0.05 cmd: git-remote-https 64926 [select] 21.56r 0.01u 0.00s 0% 13088k
remote: Enumerating objects: 197757, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (197757/197757), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (185648/185648), done.
load: 0.11 cmd: git 64927 [piperd] 3.96r 0.04u 0.00s 0% 6524k
remote: Total 197757 (delta 13461), reused 117919 (delta 5403), pack-reused 0 (from 0)
Receiving objects: 100% (197757/197757), 87.61 MiB | 577.00 KiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (13461/13461), done.
Updating files: 100% (162036/162036), done.

real 3m20.931s
user 0m6.951s
sys 0m3.815s

fetch https://download.freebsd.org/ftp/ports/ports/ports.tar.xz # latest
tar xf ports.tar.xz -C /usr/

# time (fetch https://download.freebsd.org/ftp/ports/ports/ports.tar.xz ; tar xf ports.tar.xz -C /usr/);
ports.tar.xz 41 MB 943 kBps 45s
real 1m10.018s
user 0m3.526s
sys 0m5.176s

fetch https://download.freebsd.org/ftp/releases/amd64/14.1-RELEASE/ports.txz
tar xf ports.txz -C /
</pre>

=== Install source ===
<pre>
fetch https://download.freebsd.org/ftp/releases/amd64/14.1-RELEASE/src.txz
tar xf src.txz -C /
</pre>

how_to_compile_xigmanas_from_scratch.pdf

https://forums.freebsd.org/threads/guide-using-git-to-manage-ports-source-and-documentation.79721/
<pre>
git clone --depth=1 https://git.freebsd.org/ports.git /usr/ports
git clone --depth=1 https://git.freebsd.org/src.git /usr/src
</pre>
=== Install kernel/base ===
<pre>
fetch --no-verify-peer http://download.freebsd.org/ftp/releases/amd64/14.1-RELEASE/kernel.txz
mkdir xigmanas/kernel-txz
tar xf kernel.txz -C xigmanas/kernel-txz

fetch http://download.freebsd.org/ftp/releases/amd64/14.1-RELEASE/base.txz
mkdir xigmanas/base-txz
tar xf base.txz -C xigmanas/base-txz
</pre>

=== Install packages: ===
<pre>
pkg install -y bash subversion pigz cdrtools
</pre>

=== Delete all packages: ===
<pre>
pkg delete -a
</pre>

==== Getting XigmaNAS from svn ====
<pre>
mkdir /usr/local/xigmanas
cd /usr/local/xigmanas/
svn co https://svn.code.sf.net/p/xigmanas/code/trunk svn

#cd svn; svn up -r9884 # 13.2.0.5 - Heighliner (revision 9884)
cd svn; svn up -r10024 # 13.3.0.5 - Hesterion (revision 10024)

mkdir /usr/ports/distfiles
cp /usr/local/xigmanas/svn/build/ports/distfiles/*.{gz,zip} /usr/ports/distfiles/
ln -s /usr/local/xigmanas /root/xigmanas
</pre>

<pre>
sudo mkdir /usr/local/xigmanas
cd /usr/local/xigmanas/
fetch https://sourceforge.net/code-snapshots/svn/x/xi/xigmanas/code/xigmanas-code-r9999-trunk.zip
sudo tar xf xigmanas-code-r9999-trunk.zip
sudo ln -s xigmanas-code-r9999-trunk svn
cp /usr/local/xigmanas/svn/build/ports/distfiles/*.{gz,zip} /usr/ports/distfiles/
</pre>

==== Update Version ====
<pre>
echo -n 14.1.0.7> /usr/local/xigmanas/svn/etc/prd.version
</pre>
binary version 14.1.0.7

==== Compiling XigmaNAS ====
WITHOUT_X11 is unsupported, use WITHOUT=X11 # virtualbox-ose
<pre>
echo WITHOUT_X11=yes >> /etc/make.conf
echo WITHOUT=X11 >> /etc/make.conf
</pre>
<pre>
export XIGMANAS_ROOTFS=/usr/local/xigmanas/rootfs/
export BATCH=yes
/usr/local/xigmanas/svn/build/make.sh
</pre>

<pre>
# ls /usr/local/xigmanas
XigmaNAS-x86-9.0.0.1.43.checksum builds
XigmaNAS-x86-LiveCD-9.0.0.1.43.iso rootfs
XigmaNAS-x86-embedded-9.0.0.1.43.img svn
bootloader work
</pre>

<pre>
make build-depends-list | sed 's=/usr/ports/==' | xargs pkg install -y
make run-depends-list | sed 's=/usr/ports/==' | xargs pkg install -y
</pre>

===== install deps via pkg =====
<pre>
cd /usr/local/xigmanas/svn/build/ports
for i in */; do
cd $i
make build-depends-list | sed 's=/usr/ports/==' | xargs pkg install -y
cd ..
done
</pre>

<pre>
cd /usr/local/xigmanas/svn/build/ports
for i in */; do
cd $i
make build-depends-list | sed 's=/usr/ports/==' | xargs pkg install -y
make -j8 build ; make package && cp work/pkg/* /var/cache/pkg/
cd ..
done
</pre>

=== Blog ===
Code highlighting
https://prismjs.com/#examples
=== History ===
freebsd mkdir(2) manpage history update
syscall was not in version 1 unix
it wasn't in version 6 either (see tom lions) syscalls:
https://warsus.github.io/lions-/
mkdir is not listed

https://cgit.freebsd.org/src/plain/share/misc/bsd-family-tree?id=ea2b79b03eec2c1c49c8c04aa7c7a40bb5e41303

mkdir syscall was added in BSD by Kirk McKuisick
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XUj2vCKtegU&t=736s

https://gunkies.org/wiki/BSD
4.1c BSD - A beta of 4.2, and I think the first version of BSD sockets?

https://gunkies.org/wiki/4.2_BSD
Date Released: 1983

https://gunkies.org/wiki/Installing_4.1c_BSD_on_SIMH
You will need the following files from Bitsavers archive from the UCB_CSRG directory. I have used the files:

4.1C_BSD_1of2.zip (http://bitsavers.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/bits/UCB_CSRG/4.1C_BSD_1of2.zip)
<pre>
❯ grep mkdir.2 4.1C_BSD_1of2/burst/00004.txt
-rw-r--r-- 0/0 1516 1983-02-26 17:21:59 man/man2/mkdir.2
</pre>

=== Other ===
debootstrap unbuntu updates / symlink

=== Fonts ===
https://github.com/emaste/fontstuff/tree/master

https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/#bsdinstall-start

FreeBSD 8x8 syscons font

unifont https://unifoundry.com/unifont/unifont-utilities.html
<pre>xinch-filer02:/usr/ports# pkg install gnu-unifont-otf</pre>
<pre>fetch https://raw.githubusercontent.com/emaste/fontstuff/master/hex2bdf</pre>
<pre>unifont# ./hex2bdf iso-8x8.hex > iso-8x8.bdf</pre>
<pre>fontforge -lang=ff -c 'Open($1); Generate($2)' iso-8x8.bdf iso-8x8.woff2</pre>

=== Linux Jail ===
https://wiki.freebsd.org/LinuxJails

https://forums.freebsd.org/threads/running-linux-in-a-jail.90527/

https://iocage.readthedocs.io/en/latest/debian.html
<pre>
qjail create -4 192.168.3.197 jammy
debootstrap --arch=amd64 --no-check-gpg jammy /usr/jails/jammy/compat/ubuntu
</pre>
<pre>
finch:/usr/local/share/debootstrap/scripts# ln -s gutsy noble
debootstrap --arch=amd64 --no-check-gpg noble /usr/jails/noble/compat/ubuntu
</pre>
<pre>
xDev:/compat# for i in noble/var/cache/apt/archives/*.deb; do echo $i; tar xf $i -C unzip data.tar.zst ; tar xpf unzip/data.tar.zst -C noble; done
</pre>

=== Errors ===
==== No Menu ====
<pre>
XigmaNAS: 14.1.0.9 (revision 10142)
Compiled: Mon Jul 15 08:12:52 CDT 2024 Platform: x64-liveusb
Copyright (c) 2018-2024 XigmaNAS(R). All Rights Reserved.
Visit www.xigmanas.com for regular system updates!

WebGUI Address: http://

LAN Network IPv4 Address:
LAN Network Interface: vtnet0

FreeBSD/amd64 (xigmanas.internal) (ttyu0)

FreeBSD/amd64 (xigmanas.internal) (ttyu0)

FreeBSD/amd64 (xigmanas.internal) (ttyu0)
</pre>
==== Fix ====
Check for opie
<pre>
# ls ~/xigmanas/rootfs/usr/local/lib/libopie*
/root/xigmanas/rootfs/usr/local/lib/libopie.so
/root/xigmanas/rootfs/usr/local/lib/libopie.so.8
</pre>

=== Patches ===
==== fdisk ====
<pre>
cd /usr/local/xigmanas/svn/build/ports/fdisk
make extract

egrep -B1 -A1 '^usage' work/fdisk-1.1/fdisk.c

sed -i '.orig' 's/^$[a-z][a-zA-Z0-9_]*$()$/\1(void)/g' /usr/local/xigmanas/svn/build/ports/fdisk/work/fdisk-1.1/fdisk.c

cd /usr/local/xigmanas/svn/build/ports/fdisk/work/fdisk-1.1
diff -u fdisk.c.orig fdisk.c > ../../files/patch-fdisk.c
</pre>

==== isboot ====
<pre>
cd /usr/local/xigmanas/svn/build/ports/isboot/
make extract

grep pmap_unmapdev work/isboot-0.3.3/src/ibft.c

sed -i '.orig' 's/pmap_unmapdev((vm_offset_t)vaddr,/pmap_unmapdev((void *)(uintptr_t)vaddr,/g' /usr/local/xigmanas/svn/build/ports/isboot/work/isboot-0.3.3/src/ibft.c

sed -i '.orig' 's/DVIMAGE$/DVIMAGE\nCFLAGS+= -Wno-error=unused-but-set-variable\n/g' /usr/local/xigmanas/svn/build/ports/isboot/work/isboot-0.3.3/src/Makefile

cd /usr/local/xigmanas/svn/build/ports/isboot/work/isboot-0.3.3/src
diff -u ibft.c.orig ibft.c > ../../../files/patch-ibft.c
diff -u Makefile.orig Makefile > ../../../files/patch-Makefile

cd /usr/local/xigmanas/svn/build/ports/isboot/
</pre>

==== fuppes ====
<pre>
# bash automake gettext-tools libtool pkgconf newest ports?
# autoreconf libtool gettext-tools pkgconf
cd /usr/local/xigmanas/svn/build/ports/fuppes
make extract
grep 'pStream->codec->' work/fuppes-0.692/src/plugins/metadata_libavformat.c
sed -i '.orig' 's/pStream->codec->/pStream->codecpar->/g' work/fuppes-0.692/src/plugins/metadata_libavformat.c

diff -u /usr/local/xigmanas/svn/build/ports/fuppes/work/fuppes-0.692/src/plugins/metadata_libavformat.c.orig /usr/local/xigmanas/svn/build/ports/fuppes/work/fuppes-0.692/src/plugins/metadata_libavformat.c > files/patch-src__plugins__metadata_libavformat.c

</pre>

==== netatalk3 ====
<pre>
root@xigmanas:/usr/local/xigmanas/svn/build/ports/netatalk3 # grep -r FreeBSD . | grep LINUX
./work/netatalk-3.1.14/etc/uams/uams_dhx_pam.c:#if defined LINUX || defined __FreeBSD__
./work/netatalk-3.1.14/etc/uams/uams_dhx2_pam.c:#if defined LINUX || defined __FreeBSD__
./work/netatalk-3.1.14/etc/uams/uams_pam.c:#if defined LINUX || defined __FreeBSD__
root@xigmanas:/usr/local/xigmanas/svn/build/ports/netatalk3 #
</pre>

<pre>
root@xigmanas:/usr/ports/net/netatalk3/files # ls -l
total 40
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 646 Apr 6 2021 netatalk.in
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 188 Apr 6 2021 pam.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 1767 May 1 2022 patch-config_Makefile.in
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 556 Oct 6 23:17 patch-configure
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 1007 Feb 27 2023 patch-etc_afpd_Makefile.in
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 273 Jul 20 2016 patch-etc_cnid__dbd_cnid__metad.c
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 341 May 1 2022 patch-etc_netatalk_Makefile.in
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 380 Nov 22 16:10 patch-etc_uams_uams__dhx2__pam.c
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 581 Nov 22 16:10 patch-etc_uams_uams__dhx__pam.c
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 416 Nov 22 16:10 patch-etc_uams_uams__pam.c
root@xigmanas:/usr/ports/net/netatalk3/files # cat patch-etc_uams_uams__dhx2__pam.c
--- etc/uams/uams_dhx2_pam.c.orig 2023-11-22 15:19:12 UTC
+++ etc/uams/uams_dhx2_pam.c
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ error:
* echo off means password.
*/
static int PAM_conv (int num_msg,
-#ifdef LINUX
+#if defined(LINUX) || (defined(FREEBSD) && __FreeBSD_version >= 1400000)
const struct pam_message **msg,
#else
struct pam_message **msg,
root@xigmanas:/usr/ports/net/netatalk3/files # ls -l /usr/local/xigmanas/svn/build/ports/netatalk3/files/
total 24
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 2563 Dec 28 17:22 netatalk.in
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 1767 Dec 28 17:22 patch-config_Makefile.in
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 508 Dec 28 17:22 patch-configure
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 1007 Dec 28 17:22 patch-etc_afpd_Makefile.in
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 273 Dec 28 17:22 patch-etc_cnid__dbd_cnid__metad.c
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 341 Dec 28 17:22 patch-etc_netatalk_Makefile.in
root@xigmanas:/usr/ports/net/netatalk3/files #
</pre>

TrueNAS

2025-03-30T03:18:13Z

172.17.0.1: /* Building TrueNAS */

=== BSD Apps ===
https://github.com/tschettervictor/bsd-apps
=== Building TrueNAS ===
https://github.com/truenas/core-build
<pre>
pkg install -y git
git clone https://github.com/truenas/build /usr/build
</pre>
<pre>
cd /usr/build
make bootstrap-pkgs
python3 -m ensurepip
pip3 install six
</pre>
<pre>
make checkout
</pre>
<pre>
make update
make release
</pre>

=== Building [[TrueNAS-14.2]] ===
{{:TrueNAS-14.2}}

TrueNAS-14.2

2025-03-29T19:58:53Z

172.17.0.1: /* Building TrueNAS 14.2 */

<pre>
pkg install -y git
git clone https://github.com/truenas/build /usr/build
</pre>
<pre>
cd /usr/build
</pre>
<pre style="color: orange;">ln -s /usr/bin/xz /usr/local/bin/pxz</pre>
<pre>
make bootstrap-pkgs
python3 -m ensurepip
pip3 install six
</pre>
<pre>
make checkout
</pre>

<pre style="color: orange;">
cd /usr/build/freenas/_BE
mv /usr/ports ports-142
ln -s ports-142 ports

mv /usr/src os-142
ln -s os-142 os
tnc:/usr/build/freenas/_BE/ports-132# cp -rp .* ../ports-142/
</pre>

<pre>
#make update
make release
</pre>
==== poudriere ====
tnc:/usr/build# rg 13.3-RELEASE .
./build/profiles/freenas/env.pyd

==== update kernel====
<pre>
tnc:/usr/build/build/profiles/freenas/kernel# diff -u GENERIC142.orig TRUENAS.amd64 > kern
el142conf.patch
</pre>
<pre>
vi build/profiles/freenas/kernel/TRUENAS.amd64
awk '/\t(esp|amr|iir|twa|ixnvdimm)\t/ {print "#" $0}' build/profiles/freenas/kernel/TRUENAS.amd64
sed -E -I.bak 's/.*\t(esp|amr|iir|twa|ixnvdimm)\t.*/#&/' /usr/build/build/profiles/freenas/kernel/TRUENAS.amd64
</pre>

<pre>
--------------------------------------------------------------
>>> stage 1: configuring the kernel
--------------------------------------------------------------
cd /usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142/sys/amd64/conf; PATH=/usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142/amd64.amd64/tmp/bin:/usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142/amd64.amd64/tmp/usr/sbin:/usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142/amd64.amd64/tmp/usr/bin:/usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142/amd64.amd64/tmp/legacy/usr/sbin:/usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142/amd64.amd64/tmp/legacy/usr/bin:/usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142/amd64.amd64/tmp/legacy/bin:/usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142/amd64.amd64/tmp/legacy/usr/libexec::/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin config -d /usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142/amd64.amd64/sys/TrueNAS.amd64 -I '/usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs' -I '/usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142/sys/amd64/conf' '/usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/TrueNAS.amd64'
config: Error: device "esp" is unknown
config: Error: device "amr" is unknown
config: Error: device "iir" is unknown
config: Error: device "twa" is unknown
config: Error: device "ixnvdimm" is unknown
config: 5 errors

make[4]: stopped in /usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142

make[3]: stopped in /usr/build/freenas/_BE/os</pre>

<pre>
tnc:/usr/build# rg 13.3-RELEASE .
./build/profiles/freenas/env.pyd
2:FREEBSD_RELEASE_VERSION = "13.3-RELEASE"
tnc:/usr/build# vi ./build/profiles/freenas/env.pyd
tnc:/usr/build# cd /usr/build/ ; make release
[0:00:00] ==> NOTICE: Selected profile: freenas
[0:00:00] ==> NOTICE: Build timestamp: 202503291947
[0:00:00] ==> Checking build environment...
[0:00:00] ==> Build environment is OK
[0:00:00] ==> Sandbox is fully checked out
Doing executing target release on host: filer02.condo.ho.stna.me
Build directory: /usr/obj/usr/build
[0:00:00] ==> Building world from /usr/build/freenas/_BE/os
[0:00:00] ==> Log file: /usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/logs/buildworld
[0:00:30] ==> Building kernel TrueNAS.amd64 from /usr/build/freenas/_BE/os
[0:00:30] ==> Log file: /usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/logs/buildkernel
[0:00:33] ==> Building kernel TrueNAS.amd64-DEBUG from /usr/build/freenas/_BE/os
[0:00:33] ==> Log file: /usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/logs/buildkernel-debug
[0:00:36] ==> Installing world in /usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/jail
[0:00:36] ==> Log file: /usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/logs/jail-installworld
[0:01:23] ==> Creating distribution in /usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/jail
[0:01:23] ==> Log file: /usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/logs/jail-distribution
[0:01:38] ==> Creating ports overlay...
[0:01:44] ==> Creating ports list
[0:01:45] ==> Merging ports tree /usr/build/freenas/_BE/freenas/nas_ports
[0:01:45] ==> Merging ports tree /usr/build/freenas/_BE/webui/ports
[00:00:00] Creating the reference jail... done
[00:00:20] Mounting system devices for ja-wongk-p
[00:00:20] Warning: Using packages from previously failed, or uncommitted, build: /usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/ports/data/packages/ja-wongk-p/.building
[00:00:20] Mounting ports from: /usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/ports-overlay
[00:00:20] Mounting packages from: /usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/ports/data/packages/ja-wongk-p
[00:00:20] Mounting distfiles from: /usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/ports/distfiles
[00:00:20] Copying /var/db/ports from: /usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/poudriere/etc/poudriere.d/options
[00:00:21] Appending to make.conf: /usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/poudriere/etc/poudriere.d/make.conf
/etc/resolv.conf -> /usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/ports/data/.m/ja-wongk-p/ref/etc/resolv.conf
[00:00:21] Starting jail ja-wongk-p
Updating /var/run/os-release done.
[00:00:21] Will build as root:wheel (0:0)
[00:00:21] Ports supports: FLAVORS SUBPACKAGES SELECTED_OPTIONS
[00:00:22] Inspecting /usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/ports/data/.m/ja-wongk-p/ref//usr/ports
for modifications to git checkout... yes
[00:01:51] Ports top-level git hash: f6a305c193ed (dirty)
[00:01:51] Acquiring build logs lock for ja-wongk-p... done
[00:01:51] Logs: /usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/ports/data/logs/bulk/ja-wongk-p/2025-03-29_14
h49m33s
[00:01:51] Loading MOVED for /usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/ports/data/.m/ja-wongk-p/ref/usr/ports
[00:01:51] Gathering ports metadata
[00:01:51] Error: MOVED: devel/libhyve-remote EXPIRED 2023-03-19 Has expired: Broken since 2020
[00:01:51] Error: Nonexistent origin listed: dns/inadyn-troglobit
[00:01:51] Error: Nonexistent origin listed: net/samba
[00:01:51] Error: Nonexistent origin listed: sysutils/areca-cli
[00:01:51] Error: Nonexistent origin listed: sysutils/scanlnk
[00:01:51] Error: Nonexistent origin listed: sysutils/sedutil
[00:01:51] Error: Nonexistent origin listed: sysutils/throttle
[00:01:51] Error: MOVED: www/py-ws4py EXPIRED 2022-09-30 Has expired: Upstream abandoned
[00:01:51] Error: /usr/local/share/poudriere/bulk.sh:gather_port_vars:125:Fatal errors encountered gathering initial ports metadata
[ja-wongk-p] [2025-03-29_14h49m33s] [crashed] Time: 00:00:00
[00:01:51] Logs: /usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/ports/data/logs/bulk/ja-wongk-p/2025-03-29_14h49m33s
[00:01:52] Cleaning up
[00:01:52] Unmounting file systems
[0:03:42] ==> ERROR: Ports build failed
[0:03:42] ==> Cleaning up poudriere environment...
[0:03:42] ==> Unmounting ports overlay...
*** Error code 1

Stop.
make[2]: stopped in /usr/obj/usr/build
</pre>

2025-03-29T02:42:37Z

172.17.0.1: /* Building TrueNAS 14.2 */

=== Building TrueNAS ===
https://github.com/truenas/core-build
<pre>
pkg install -y git
git clone https://github.com/truenas/build /usr/build
</pre>
<pre>
cd /usr/build
make bootstrap-pkgs
python3 -m ensurepip
pip3 install six
</pre>
<pre>
make checkout
</pre>
<pre>
make update
make release
</pre>
=== Building TrueNAS 14.2 ===
<pre>
pkg install -y git
git clone https://github.com/truenas/build /usr/build
</pre>
<pre>
cd /usr/build
</pre>
<pre style="color: orange;">ln -s /usr/bin/xz /usr/local/bin/pxz</pre>
<pre>
make bootstrap-pkgs
python3 -m ensurepip
pip3 install six
</pre>
<pre>
make checkout
</pre>
<pre>
make update
make release
</pre>
<pre>
--------------------------------------------------------------
>>> stage 1: configuring the kernel
--------------------------------------------------------------
cd /usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142/sys/amd64/conf; PATH=/usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142/amd64.amd64/tmp/bin:/usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142/amd64.amd64/tmp/usr/sbin:/usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142/amd64.amd64/tmp/usr/bin:/usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142/amd64.amd64/tmp/legacy/usr/sbin:/usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142/amd64.amd64/tmp/legacy/usr/bin:/usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142/amd64.amd64/tmp/legacy/bin:/usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142/amd64.amd64/tmp/legacy/usr/libexec::/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin config -d /usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142/amd64.amd64/sys/TrueNAS.amd64 -I '/usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs' -I '/usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142/sys/amd64/conf' '/usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/TrueNAS.amd64'
config: Error: device "esp" is unknown
config: Error: device "amr" is unknown
config: Error: device "iir" is unknown
config: Error: device "twa" is unknown
config: Error: device "ixnvdimm" is unknown
config: 5 errors

make[4]: stopped in /usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142

make[3]: stopped in /usr/build/freenas/_BE/os</pre>
<pre>
vi build/profiles/freenas/kernel/TRUENAS.amd64
awk '/\t(esp|amr|iir|twa|ixnvdimm)\t/ {print "#" $0}' build/profiles/freenas/kernel/TRUENAS.amd64
</pre>

TrueNAS

2025-03-29T02:36:08Z

172.17.0.1: /* Building TrueNAS 14.2 */

TrueNAS

2025-03-29T02:33:10Z

172.17.0.1:

=== Building TrueNAS 14.2 ===
<pre>
--------------------------------------------------------------
>>> stage 1: configuring the kernel
--------------------------------------------------------------
cd /usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142/sys/amd64/conf; PATH=/usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142/amd64.amd64/tmp/bin:/usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142/amd64.amd64/tmp/usr/sbin:/usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142/amd64.amd64/tmp/usr/bin:/usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142/amd64.amd64/tmp/legacy/usr/sbin:/usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142/amd64.amd64/tmp/legacy/usr/bin:/usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142/amd64.amd64/tmp/legacy/bin:/usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142/amd64.amd64/tmp/legacy/usr/libexec::/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin config -d /usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142/amd64.amd64/sys/TrueNAS.amd64 -I '/usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs' -I '/usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142/sys/amd64/conf' '/usr/build/freenas/_BE/objs/TrueNAS.amd64'
config: Error: device "esp" is unknown
config: Error: device "amr" is unknown
config: Error: device "iir" is unknown
config: Error: device "twa" is unknown
config: Error: device "ixnvdimm" is unknown
config: 5 errors

make[4]: stopped in /usr/build/freenas/_BE/os-142

make[3]: stopped in /usr/build/freenas/_BE/os</pre>
<pre>
vi build/profiles/freenas/kernel/TRUENAS.amd64
awk '/\t(esp|amr|iir|twa|ixnvdimm)\t/ {print "#" $0}' build/profiles/freenas/kernel/TRUENAS.amd64
</pre>